试析清代东北养息牧牧场的变迁及影响

On the Transfor mation of Yangximu Grazing Land and Its Influences

养息牧牧场是清王朝设在东北柳条边外的惟一皇家牧场,畜养大量的牛羊马,不仅供应盛京三陵祭祀之用和补给八旗官马之需,而且部分产品成为清皇室的贡品。这座几乎伴随清王朝始终的皇家牧场,它的设立、发展、试垦、续垦和放垦演绎了养息牧牧场恢复、繁盛、衰落和消失的全过程。

Yangximu grazing land（养息牧牧场） was the only royal pasture that was set up at Liutiaobian（柳条边） in the Qing Dynasty. There are large numbers of cattle, sheep and horses on it, which offered sacrifices to ancestors of three mausoleums in Shengjing（盛京）and supplied horses for the Eight Banners, at the same time, it provided some products for the imperial family as tributes. The establishment, development, trial rec-lamation, continuing cultivation and overall reclamation of Yangximu grazing land reflect the whole process of the restoration, bloom, decline and disaooearance of the pasture.