海上溢油应急资源的科学配置

Appropriate deployment of the response resources for oil spill preparedness

文中针对筹建区域性溢油应急体系和制订应急预案中所遇到的应急资源配置问题提出了可供参考的评估方法和建议。应急资源以项目风险等级而配置。项目风险等级包括发生概率,掌控事故的能力和事故发生的严重程度。在量化应急资源能力需求后,应考虑应急资源的适用性和使用效率。根据成本风险分析,给出项目客户所能接受的最大风险和最低水平的成本预算。同理,对区域性各区块风险程度加以测算,在资源配置上有所区别和侧重,以追求成本、风险平衡中的最佳资源配置和最大效益。

This article outlines some fundamental principles in setting up response resources for either offshore regional area or individual installations. The deployment of response resources depends on the level of risks of a programmer. The level of risk includes probability, variety and severity of the oil spills accidents around the objective being considered. The resource applicability and efficiency must be taken into account. Using the risk cost analytical model, this study further intends to provide the resource planner with optimized solutions among the acceptable risk and the affordable cost. This analysis model can also be used for response resource assessment for a particular region.