用自制仪器精确测定变温液体的粘滞系数

Accurate Measurement of Viscosity Coefficient of Liquid with Different Temperature by a Self-Made Instrument

介绍了用恒流法自制仪器精确测定液体的粘滞系数。该自制仪器,能有效地保证底部的密封性、液体水位恒定和可操作性,还增设一个玻璃管连通器,附加一根标尺和游标使液体水位的测量精确度提高。并在接毛细管输出液体的量筒处加上光电计使测量液体流速的精确度提高,采用该仪器测定了水和乙醇两种液体在变温条件下的粘滞系数,经实验比对,所测得结果与理论值能较好地吻合。同时设计了可调换不同管径的毛细管,能快速准确地测量多种变温液体的粘滞系数。

This paper introduces a self-made instrument used to accurately measure liquid viscosity coefficient by the ＂ flow rate＂ method. The self-made measuring instrument has good leak-proof quality on the bottom board and good operability to control the height of liquid surface and to keep steady flow. Moreover, an additionally build glass joint implement attached to scale and vernier has improved measurement accuracy. With photoelectric timing at the graduated cylinder connected with the capillary tube, the flow measurement accuracy is greatly improved. Using this self-made instrument, the viscosity coefficient of water and ethanol under changeable temperature condition were measured, and experimental results are almost the same with the theoretical value. Concomitant another design can swap for different diametric capillary tube. Application of this method can quickly and accurately measure viscosity coefficient of a variety of temperature changeable liquid.