论爱伦·坡对启蒙理性的批判

On Edgar Allan Poe's Criticism of Enlightenment Rationality

爱伦.坡的作品由于充满神秘、怪诞、恐怖的题材而往往被认为是脱离时代、晦暗消极的。笔者认为,坡作品题材的选择源自其对于启蒙理性的质疑与批判。坡在他的心理分析小说和海上探险小说中分别对理性至上论及科学至上论这两个启蒙思想中的重要内容进行了质疑和批判,指出非理性因素是人身上更为强大的力量,对科学的过分迷信将对自然及人自身产生消极的影响。坡的怀疑、批判精神是一种更高的理性精神。

Edgar Allan Poe＇s works are generally considered as out of space, out of time, obscure and pessimistac because of their mysterious, grotesque and horrible subject matters. This essay holds that the choice of such subject matters is a result of the writer＇s skepticism and criticism of the Enlightenment rationality. In his fictions of psychoanalysis and sea adventures, Poe examined the negative side of rationality and science, which are the most important two factors of the Enlightenment spirit. This critical spirit is a real rational spirit beyond Enlightenment rationality.