大麦和硬粒小麦属间试管受精结籽

Setting Seeds by Intergeneric Test-tube Fertilization between Hordeum Vulgare and Triticum Durum

大麦和硬粒小麦属间的三个杂交组合用试管受精的方法得到28粒试管种子,结实率为10.2～20.3%,并得到一株幼苗,其根尖染色体数为加2n=21,是属间杂种.用FDA荧光法检测了不同方法消毒的父本花粉,其生活力比对照均有不同程度的降低,其中麦穗用挤干的75%酒精棉球初步消毒后,再用15w紫外线灯照射20分钟,效果较好.此外描述了离体授粉后种子发育的动态.

Twenty-eight test-tube seeds from three intergeneric cross combinations between Hordeum vulgare and Triticum durum were obtained by the test-tube fertilization with 10.2-20.3% seed setting. One seedling was got from these seeds. Its chromosome number of roottip cells was 2n=21,so it was an intergeneric hybrid. The effect of different sterilization methods on activity of paternal pollens was also studied by using FDA fluorescence microscopy.The result indicated that all sterilization methods, as compared with the check test, would decrease the activity of pollens in various degrees. The treatment that spikes were preliminary surface-sterilized with absorbent cotten-ball soaked with 75%alcohol and irradiated with 15 watts ultraviolet lamp for 20 minutes was more effective. In addition, the paper described the development of test tube seeds after pollenation in vitro.