压水堆蒸汽发生器水位的前馈模型预测控制

Model Predictive Controller with Feedforward Compensation for Steam Generator in PWR

在压水堆核电站中,引起反应堆停堆的主要原因之一是蒸汽发生器(SG)的水位超过了安全界限。为将SG水位控制在一定范围内以保证核电站安全、可靠、经济地运行,将蒸汽流量作为可测扰动加入预测模型中,设计了具有前馈补偿作用的模型预测控制器(MPC)。对给水流量增量施加约束以减小对给水阀的冲击,采用二次规划(QP)最优化算法求解给水流量的最优值,求解时先对水位施加硬约束,若无可行解则加入软约束,以保证系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明,与变增益PID控制相比,MPC的控制效果更好。

Unexpected reactor shutdowns are often caused by violation of safety limits on the steam generator water level. A model predictive controller with feedforward compensation is designed to keep the water level in a certain range and enhance plant availability factor. The steam flowrate is included in the predictive model as measurable disturbance, and the constraint over feed-water flowrate increment is added. The quadratic program optimization algorithm with soft constraint is adopted to find a feasible quasi-optimal solution to guarantee the stability of the system. The simtdation results show that the model predictive control has better performances than the variable gain PID control.