托尔斯泰《忏悔录》的自传忏悔特色及其成因

Characters and Origin of the Autobiographical Confession in Tolstoy's A Confession

《忏悔录》集中了托尔斯泰一生的思想探索,描绘了他晚年精神危机的发生、发展和结局。托尔斯泰的忏悔既具有西方自传忏悔话语的典型特征,又具有自己的鲜明特色:它建立在理性的基础上,彰显了人的价值,同时由于东正教的影响,带有深沉的罪感意识,并继承了俄罗斯知识分子向人民忏悔的传统。托尔斯泰的自传忏悔特性与托尔斯泰个人的思想、经历、俄罗斯的文化传统有关,也直接受到19世纪末俄罗斯急剧变化的现实生活的影响。

A Confession concentrates LeoTolstoy＇s exploring in thought all through his life and describes the occurrence of his spiritual crisis at his old age. The confessions of Tolstoy not only have the major characters of confes- sional discourse of western autobiography, but also have his own traits. Tolstoy＇s confessions are based on the rationality and make the worthiness of human evident, having the sense of sin because of the belief of Orthodox Church. The life, the thought and the cultural traditions and the great changes of the reality in 19^th century all bring about the uniqueness of Tolstoy＇s autobiographical confession.