不同性别急性心肌梗死临床特点分析

Clinical charecteristics of acute myocardial infarction in different sexual patients

目的 了解不同性别急性心肌梗死的临床特点，以提高防治效果。方法对我院2004年3月至2007年3月收治的429例急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者，进行性别分析，按患者年龄分为4组：（〈45岁，45～54岁，55～64岁，〉165岁）比较发病率、发病年龄、发病至入院时间、合并症、并发症、支架植入术（PCI）例数。结果4组男女患者比例分别为11：1，25：1，2．47：1和1．16：1。女性较男性平均发病年龄晚10年，女性患者行PCI例数少于男性。绝经后女性糖尿病发病率增加，心源性休克发生率也明显增加。结论绝经后女性雌激素水平下降对老年女性AMI的临床特点有重要影响。应提供女性对AMI的认识，及时、合理、积极的治疗AMI。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of acute myocardial infarction （AMI） in different sexual patients. Methods 432 patients （306 males and 126 females） were divided into 4 groups ： 〈 45 years,45 -54 years,55 -64 years and ≥65 years groups. Their morbidity, age of onset, time of onset, complications , medical history and number of percutaneous coronary, interventions （PCI） were studied and compared. Results The ratios of females to males in patients of these 4 groups were 11： 1,25： 1,2.47： 1 and 1.16： 1 respectively. The mean age of onset in female patients was 10 years older than that of male patients. The number of PCI in female patients were fewer than that of male patients. The number of postmenopausal female patients complicated with diabetes and cardiogenic shock were significantly increased. Conclusion The decreased level of estrogen in postmenopausal stage may play an important role in clinical features of AMI in female patients.