CT血管造影评价兔基底动脉痉挛模型

An experimental study of cerebral basilar artery vasospasm on CT angiography in a rabbit model

目的探讨采用多层螺旋CT血管造影（multi-slices CT angiography，MSCTA）技术显示兔基底动脉，为兔脑血管痉挛（cerebralvasospasm，CVS）动物模型建立新的评价方法。方法取日本大耳白兔25只，分为对照组（5只）和蛛网膜下腔出血（subarachnoid hemorrhage，SAH）组（20只）。SAH组采用枕大池二次注血法制作兔脑基底动脉CVS模型，均经兔耳后中央静脉穿刺注射非离子型对比剂（碘海醇，含碘量300mg／m1），剂量按2．6ml／kg（体重）。采用高压注射器给药，注射速度0．4ml／s，延时15S开始扫描。SAH组于注血后1、4、7、11d，行2～5次基底动脉MSCTA。原始图像三维后处理技术采用容积重建（volume rendering，VR）。结果SAH组注血后1、4、7、11d基底动脉直径分别为（1．28±0．36）、（0．82±0．24）、（0．83±0．20）及（0．95±0．28）mm。VR法测得实验兔注血前基底动脉横径平均为（1．30±0．40）mm。CVS在注血后第1天出现，第4天达到高峰，第11天可见基底动脉痉挛有一定程度的缓解。结论MSCTA技术能够较理想地显示兔基底动脉，是评价活体动物CVS模型的可靠方法。

Objectives To investigate the basilar arteries of rabbits by using the techniques of multi- slices CT angingraphy （MSCTA） and to establish a new evaluation method for cerebral vasospasm （CVS） of a rabbit model. Methods Twenty-five Japanese white rabbits were randomly allocated into contrast medium control group （n =5） and subaraehnoid hemorrhage （SAH） group （n =20）. A rabbit basilar artery CVS model was developed by injection of autologous arterial blood into the eistema magna twice, and non-ionic iodinated contrast medium （Omnipaque 300 mgI/mL） was injected through posterior auricular central venous puncture at a dosage of 2. 6 mL/kg weight. High pressure syringe was used at an injection speed of 0. 4 mL/s, and CT scan began with a delay time of 15 seconds. Two to five MSCTA examinations were performed in SAH group on day 1,4,7 and 11 after blood inieetion into the eisterna magna. 3D post processing technology of original image used volume rendering （VR）. Results The diameters of basilar artery in SAH group on day 1,4,7 and 11 were 1.28 ±0.36, 0.82 ±0.24, 0.83±0.20, and 0.95 ± 0.28 mm. The mean transverse diameter of basilar artery in the 25 experimental rabbits measured by VR was 1.30 mm. CVS occurred at day 1, and it reached the peak at day 4. Basilar artery vasospasm was observed to have been improved moderately at day 11. Conclusions MSCTA techniques can more ideally display the babilar arteries of rabbits, and it is a novel approach for evaluating CVS in living animal models.