中等卫校学生实习前心理健康状况与个性特征相关性研究

A correlation study of pre-practice psychologic status and personality characteristics of secondary health school students

目的探讨中等卫校学生实习前心理健康状况与人格特征的相关性。方法对卫辉市卫生学校150名二年级学生采用焦虑自评量表测评焦虑状况,抑郁自评量表测评抑郁状况,艾森克人格问卷评定人格特征,对上述测评结果进行相关分析。结果中等卫校学生实习前焦虑情绪发生率为36.6%,抑郁情绪发生率为46.6%;焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表评分均显著高于全国常模(P均<0.05),男生均显著高于女生(P<0.01),医学专业焦虑自评量表评分显著高于护理专业(P<0.01)。艾森克人格问卷评分女生内外倾维度评分显著高于常模(P<0.01),神经质和掩饰性维度评分均显著低于常模(P<0.01～0.05),男生掩饰性维度评分显著低于常模(P<0.01),内外倾、掩饰性维度评分均显著低于女生(P<0.01)。焦虑情绪神经质及精神质维度呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与掩饰性维度呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论中等卫校学生实习前存在诸多的焦虑、抑郁情绪等心理问题,应及时进行心理健康教育和适当心理干预。

Objective To explore the correlation between pre-practice psychologic status and personality characteristics of secondary health school students. Methods Anxiety and depression status were assessed with the Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS） and personality characteristics with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaires（EPQ）respectively in 150 grade-two students of Weihui secondary health school, and correlation analyses made. Results Incidences of pre-practice anxious and depressive emotion were respectively 36.6% and 46.6% in secondary health school students ; scores of the SAS and SDS were significantly higher in the students than norm（P〈0.05）,in the male than in the female students（P〈0.01） and in ones of medical than of nursing speciality（P〈0.01）. According to the EPQ, scores of introversion（I） and extraversion（E） were significantly higher（P〈0.01） and those of neuroticism （N） and lie（L） significantly lower（P〈0.01～0.05） in the female students than in norm; the L score was significantly lower in the male than in norm（P〈0.01）, and I,E and L score than in the female（P〈0.05） . Anxious emotion neuroticism was significantly positively related to psychoticism（P〈0.01） and negatively to lie（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Secondary health schoolistudents have some psychoproblems such as anxious and depressive emotions betore practice and should be given timely psycho-health education and proper mental intervention .