中动结构的定义、分类及特征

Middle Construction in Chinese and English:Its Definition,Classification and Features

本文针对语言中存在的中动结构进行分析,重点是定义和分类。首先确定了中动结构的实质为与主、被动结构相对的表示事件性质的一类结构,主要包含名词、动词及修饰语三部分,中心是修饰语。然后根据定义,从语序以及修饰语的形式和意义出发对中动结构进行分类。最后简要讨论了该结构的特征,包括时、体特征和结构内各部分的特征。

This paper is a brief description of the middle construction in language, focusing on its definition and classification. Contrary to active and passive construction, middle construction is the expression of the quality of the event, involving three parts： a noun, a verb and a modifier, with the modifier as its center. The classification depends on the order of the structure and the semantic feature of the modifier. Then the features of middle construction are discussed, including features of tense and aspect, and features of its elements.