应用血管铸型法探讨犬牙周膜微血管网的缓冲作用

The study on the cushioning function of PDL's microvasculature by vascular cast technique in dogs

目的:通过研究牙周膜和周围牙槽骨微循环的构筑,探讨犬的牙周膜微血管网的缓冲作用。方法:成年健康杂种犬4条,应用血管铸型法,沿犬下颌骨的下牙槽动脉灌注合成树脂Mercox,在10%盐酸中脱钙,在20%氢氧化钾溶液中溶解软组织,标本干燥后喷金,在扫描电镜下观察。结果:来源于牙周膜血管的静脉,通过Volkmann管汇入根间隔牙槽骨的静脉,与汇入颊(舌)侧牙槽骨静脉相比,血管数目多且管径粗大;在根间隔的静脉呈扩张的窦样管状,根间隔的骨髓腔与颊(舌)侧骨髓腔相比,容积大并且数量多。结论:犬牙周膜微循环中,来源于牙周膜的静脉血主要汇流入根间隔静脉网;根间隔中的窦样管状静脉具有贮存血液的作用,与牙周膜的缓冲作用有关。

PURPOSE： To investigate the cushioning function of periodontal ligament （PDL）＇s microvasculature by studying the microvascular architecture of PDL and its surrounding alveolar bone in dogs. METHODS： Vascular cast technique was used on the mandibles from four adult hybrid dogs. Liquid synthetic resin was perfused through bilateral inferior alveolar arteries. Decalcification was performed with 10% hydrochloric acid. The soft tissues were dissolved in 20% potassium hydroxide solution. The specimens were examined under a scanning electron microscope after being dried and coated with gold. RESULTS： The venules derived from the PDL drained to the surrounding alveolar bone via Volkmann＇s canals. Venules draining to the interradicular septum （IRS） were more in quantity and larger in diameter than those to the buccal or lingual alveolar bone. Enlarged sinusoid venules in the IRS were observed. Marrow cavities were significantly larger in volume and much more in quantity in the IRS than in the buccal or lingual alveolar bone. CONCLUSIONS： The venules derived from the vasculature of PDL mainly drain to the venules of IRS. Like a reservoir, the sinusoid vessels in the IRS are presumably related to the cushioning function of the PDL during mastication. Supported by Science and Technology Research Project of Education Bureau of Liaoning Province （Grant No.2004F069）.