侵蚀环境撂荒地植被恢复与土壤质量的协同效应

The Synergistic Effect Between Vegetation Recovery and Soil Quality on Abandoned Arable Land in Eroded Hilly Loess Plateau

【目的】探索黄土丘陵区退耕撂荒地植被恢复与土壤相关要素的关系,为生态恢复重建决策提供理论依据。【方法】以中国科学院安塞水土保持实验站墩山退耕不同年限的撂荒地为研究对象,通过植被群落特征调查和土壤质量测试分析等,运用相关和回归分析方法对植被恢复过程中植被与土壤质量的协同效应研究。【结果】在其恢复过程中,植被地上生物量与植被覆盖度呈正相关,它们与土壤容重呈负相关,而与土壤大团聚体、水稳性大团聚体、有机质含量、全氮含量、水解氮含量、速效钾含量、微生物量(C、N、P)以及土壤呼吸强度之间呈正相关,与土壤全磷、速效磷含量无显著相关性。同时,植被地上生物量和植被覆盖度与土壤抗蚀性关系密切,它们与表示土壤抗蚀性能的土壤团聚度、结构系数之间呈正相关,与土壤分散系数、结构体破坏率之间呈负相关。土壤容重与土壤大团聚体、水稳性团聚体含量之间呈负相关,土壤大团聚体含量与水稳性团聚体含量之间亦呈正相关。【结论】黄土丘陵区退耕撂荒地植被恢复过程中,土壤质量得到不断恢复提高,并能促进植被的生长繁衍,推动植被恢复演替进展,植被恢复健康和演替的同时,亦进一步推动土壤质量的改善提高,二者之间表现为正向互作效应。

[Objective] The correlation between vegetation recovery and soil relevant elements on abandoned arable land in eroded hilly loess plateau was studied to provide a theory for strategies of ecological reconstruction. [Method] This research regarded the abandoned arable land for different years on study area as a subject to investigate the characteristics of plant community and analyze soil quality. And it adopted correlation analysis and regressive analysis method to study the synergistic effect between vegetation and soil environmental factors. [Result] The results indicated that vegetation biomass had a significant positive relationship with vegetation coverage. They had a significant negative correlation with bulk density of soil, and a positive correlation with macroaggregate, water stability macroaggregate, organic matter content, total nitrogen content, hydrolyzable nitrogen content, available kalium content, microbial biomass, and microbial respiration. However, they had no significant relationship with total phosphorus and available phosphorus. At the same time, the vegetation biomass and vegetation coverage correlated soil antierodibility closely. They had a significant positive correlation with soil aggregation degree and structure coefficient, and a negative correlation with soil dispersive coefficient and structural damage rate. Bulk density of soil had a negative correlation with soil total porosity, macroaggregate content and water stability macroaggregate content, and the soil total porosity had a positive correlation with macroaggregate content and water stability macroaggregate content. [ Conclusion] The soil quality was improved, which promoted vegetation succession in the process of vegetation recovery on abandoned arable land in eroded hilly loess plateau.Simultaneity, the vegetation succession and recovery improved soil quality. Therefore, there is a synergistic effect between them.