食管语塞音、塞擦音发音起始时间的初步研究

VOT of Plosive and Affricative Consonants in Mandarin Esophageal Speech

目的探讨食管语塞音、塞擦音的发音起始时间特点。方法对4名喉全切除术后能熟练掌握食管语特点的患者录音。录音材料为塞音、塞擦音和元音/a/、/i/组成的汉字汉语语句,每句话读5遍,所得声音数据由高质量麦克风收集,随即存在电脑里由专用分析软件计算发音起始时间。结果食管语送气塞音、塞擦音的发音起始时间比声带音的塞音、塞擦音发音起始时间要小,而对于不送气塞音、塞擦音结果却相反;食管语的送气塞音、塞擦音的发音起始时间明显大于不送气塞音、塞擦音的发音起始时间;对于相同发音方式不同发音位置的辅音,其发音起始时间也有一定的差别。结论食管语的发音起始时间和正常人的发音起始时间不同,有自身的特点,这和他们的发音方法有关。

Objective To investigate the characteristic of voice onset time（VOT） of plosive and affricate consonants in Mandarin esophageal speech. Methods 4 Beijing esophageal speakers were recorded in a soundproof room. The test material consisted of meaningful monosyllables with the target plosive and affricative consonants be- ing followed by the vowel/a/or/i/. The test words were embedded in a carrier sentence and five repetitions were recorded. The speech was recorded with a high--quality microphone and stored into the computer directly through an external USB sound card. The praat software was used in the data analysis. Results The VOT of the aspirated plosives and affricates was longer than that of unaspirated counterparts in esophageal speech. Also, esophageal con- sonants with different places of articulation differ in VOT. As compared with their cognates in normal speech, the aspirated plosives and affricates had a shorter VOT whereas the unaspirated plosives and affricates had a longer VOT in esophageal speech. Conclusion Resulting from a specific phonation and airstream mechanism, esophageal speech has a different characteristic of VOT from normal speech.