嫩江云杉与红皮云杉幼苗生长及物候期观测

Growth and Phenological Observation of Picea koraiensis and Picea koraiensis var. nenjiangensis

以嫩江云杉和红皮云杉的2年生和6年生播种苗为研究对象,苗木移植到大棚后定期进行物候期观察和苗木生长测定,并对其叶的形态特征进行观察。结果表明:嫩江云杉2年生苗的苗高生长和地径生长均比红皮云杉快;在生长季,2年生和6年生嫩江云杉的苗高生长均比红皮云杉快;大棚里幼苗叶芽萌动期较自然条件下萌动的更早一些,红皮云杉在4月18日就已经开始萌动,而嫩江云杉则相对晚一些。红皮云杉的芽开放期和展叶期也比嫩江云杉略早几天。红皮云杉与嫩江云杉新生叶叶长没有明显的差异。红皮云杉叶沿叶棱两侧各有1条白点线,无错位,有规律排列,排列较稀疏;嫩江云杉叶沿叶棱线两侧各有2条白点线,且有错位,排列紧密,二者叶的横切面均为四棱形,但前者较扁。

A study was conducted to observe the growth and phenophase of 2, 6-year-old seedlings of Picea koraiensis （ Korean spruce） and Picea koraiensis var. nenfiangensis （ Nenjiang spruce） after moved into a big shed. The morphological characteristics of the leaves of the two tree species were compared. Results indicate that seeding height and basal diameter of 2- year-old Nenjiang spruce grow faster than those of 2-year-old Korean spruce, and the seedling heights of 2 or 6-year-old Nenjiang spruce are both higher than that of Korean spruce. The germination period of leaf buds for the seedlings in greenhouse comes earlier than the seedlings under natural environmental conditions. The leaf buds of Korean spruce germinate on April 18 th, which is earlier than that of Nenjiang spruce. The bud opening and leaf unfolding of Korean spruce occur several days earlier than those of Nenjiang spruce. There is no significant difference in the length of newly sprouting leaves between Korean spruce and Nenjiang spruce, but there exists a line with white spots sparsely and regularly arranged on each side of the leaf ridge of Korean spruce, while two lines with white spots tightly and irregularly located on each side of the leaf ridge of Nenjiang spruce. The transverse sections of leaves of Korean spruce and Nenjiang spruce have four edges, but the leaves of Korean pine is flatter.