TLC、LTD、Surestep^(TM)三种尿吗啡定性检测方法的对比研究

Comparative Study on Three Methods for Qualitative Determination of Morphine in Urine of Heroin Addicts

目的比较薄层色谱法（ＴＬＣ）、改良纸薄层色谱法（ＬＴＤ）和一步法（ＳｕｒｅｓｔｅｐＴＭ）对海洛因依赖者尿吗啡定性检测的敏感性。方法３０例海洛因依赖者脱毒过程中逐日尿液标本采用该三种方法进行检测，并以３０名健康者尿液标本作对照。结果３０名健康者尿液标本吗啡定性检测三种方法均呈阴性。ＴＬＣ法戒断毒品３～４天，ＬＴＤ法４～６天，ＳｕｒｅｓｔｅｐＴＭ法６～１５天尿毒品检测转为阴性，灵敏度ＳｕｒｅｓｔｅｐＴＭ０．２～０．３μｇ／ｍｌ、ＬＴＤ０．４～０．５μｇ／ｍｌ、ＴＬＣ０．６～０．７μｇ／ｍｌ。结论ＴＬＣ法准确性高、经济、易开展，但灵敏度差、检测费时。ＬＴＤ法准确性好、灵敏度较高、检测时间短，但成本高。ＳｕｒｅｓｔｅｐＴＭ是一种免疫色谱法，一步操作可得结果，灵敏度高，但准确性差，主要用于初筛。

Objective To compare the efficiency and character of thin layer chromatography(TLC),low threshold detection(LTD) and Surestep TM for detecting mophine in the urine of heroin addicts.Method 30 heroin dependent patients’ urine were tested by above three methods everyday during detoxification while 30 urine samples form normal subjects.Results The level of morphime in the patients’ urine couldn’t be detected by TLC 3～4 days later after beginning detoxifecation,4～6 days for LTD and 6～15 days for Surestep TM .While all controls were negative.The sensitivity of TLC is 0.6～0.7μg/ml,LTD is 0.4～0.5μg/ml and Surestep TM is 0.2～0.3μg/ml.Conclusions TLC is accurate,cost less and easy to operate,but less sensitive and to spend more time,LTD is a modified method.It’s both accurate and sensitive,to spend time a little but cost too much.Surestep TM is easy to use and very sensitive,but its accuracy is not satisfying,it applies mainly to the preliminary screening.