北屯绿洲生态系统耗散特性分析

Analysis of Ecosystem's Dissipation Characteristics of Beitun Oasis,Xinjiang

利用耗散结构理论,对新疆北屯绿洲生态系统的结构和功能进行了分析。在绿洲发展演化过程中,绿洲与荒漠形成既相互矛盾又协调共生的非线性变幻局势,人为活动已成为绿洲涨落的主要原因。利用能值分析方法探讨了北屯绿洲农业生态系统的能量耗散过程,结果显示:北屯绿洲农业生态系统投入的太阳能值总值为9.70×1019sej,而输出的太阳能值总值为6.56×1020sej,输出高于投入,是一个能值输出型的生态系统。需要人为输入能量,引入物质、知识、技术等负熵,增加系统信息量。最后,提出积极引入负熵流的负反馈策略,使人的主观行为与环境质量、生物生产力水平相统一,构建合理的绿洲生态农业结构,达到生物与环境相协调,发挥生物共生互利优势原则,最终实现绿洲生态、环境、经济的可持续发展。

The ecosystem structure and function of Beitun oasis was analyzed systematically by the theory of dissipative structure. In the course of oasis evolvement, the oasis and the desert have formed a kind of nonlinear fluctuated situation, and their relationship is both mutual contradicted and symbiotic. Human activities have become the main reason for oasis fluctuation. The process of energy dissipation Of the Beitun oasis agroecosystem was further discussed by the method of energy analysis. The total solar energy input is 9. 70× 10^19 sej in Beitun oasis agroecosystem, and the output is 6.56× 10^20 sej, showing a type of energy output ecosystem. In order to make human＇s subjective behavior compatible with environmental quantity and productivity level, construct a reasonable structure of oasis＇s ecological agriculture so as to make the biology and environment consistent, and to bring the principle of symbiotic relationship and mutual benefit into full play, and ultimately realize the sustainable development of the oasis, The system needs information increase by artificially inputting energy, introducing negative entropy such as substance, knowledge, technique, etc.