采前壳聚糖对厚皮甜瓜果实潜伏侵染及其采后主要病害的控制

Control of latent infection and postharvest main diseases with preharvest chitosan sprays in muskmelons

采用1 g/L的壳聚糖分别在"银帝"甜瓜开花前1周、幼果期、果实膨大期、网纹形成期对植株进行1、2、3、4次喷洒.结果表明:采前壳聚糖处理可有效降低甜瓜果实采后病害的真菌潜伏侵染率、Alternaria alternata和Fusariumspp.的潜伏侵染率.随着处理次数的增加,潜伏侵染率依次降低,其中以4次处理效果最好.此外,采前壳聚糖3次和4次处理还可有效抑制采后果实损伤接种A.alternata和F.semitectum病斑面积的扩大.

Plants of muskmelon （cv. Yindi） were sprayed with chitosan at 1 g/L for four times at one week before flower,young fruit period, fruit enlarging period and netting period, respectively. The results showed that chitosan significantly reduced total latent infection rate,infection rate of Alternaria alternate and Fusarium spp. in fruit. The latent infection rate decreased with increasing of the spray times. The four times of spraying had the best control on latent infection. Otherwise,lesion area of harvested fruit inoculated with A. alternate and F. semitectum was significantly suppressed in the melons treated with three and four times of chitosan spraying.