中国传统科学观的特殊品格及当代科技价值

The Special Character of the View of Traditional Chinese Science and Its Contemporary Valuation of Science and Technology

以"天人调谐"、"天人合一"为实质和核心的中国传统科学观,朴素地表达了人与自然、人与社会的辩证统一关系;强调在对事物的观察、研究中,注重事物的整体性、综合性、协调性和统一性;要求科学活动注重人伦,强调"人和",严明纪律,崇尚集体协作;尤为强调科技发明和科学成果要"经世致用",以实用为最高准则。这种科学观构成中国传统文化的重要内容之一,表现出中国传统科学观的独特品格,不仅曾引导了中国古代科学技术走向世界,指导中国近代科技走出低谷,而且与当代世界科技发展的整体化、社会化趋势相一致,能够成为促进科技事业发展的强大精神动力。

“Coordination of the nature- the human” expresses really the relation of dialectial unity among human race,nature and society. It emphasizes that we should pay attention to the entity, comprehensiveness, coordination and unity in the observation and research on the objects. It requires that the scientific pursuits must focus on ethics and stress on group motale, strict discipline, and collective coordination; it particularly ~nphasizes that technological invention and scientific achievements should link theory with practice, and make the practical guidelines be the supreme criterion. This scientific concept is the important content of Chinese traditional culture and it expresses the distinctive style of idea of Chinese traditional science. It not only leads China＇s ancient science and technology to the world but also guids China＇s modem science and technology to get out of the difficult position. This scientific concept is identical with the trend of globality and socialization of the modem scientific and technologic development in the world. It can be a powerful spirit force of promoting the development of science and technology.