涡轮叶栅非定常实验的测量方法研究

Study of Measurement Technology on Turbine Unsteady Experiment

阐述了实验测试技术的发展历程和现代测量技术发展的最新成果,比较了各种实验测量仪器的具体参数。而后分别利用激光粒子图像测速仪和热线风速仪测量了涡轮叶栅沿叶高平面和出口速度场的整场信息,分析了圆柱尾迹对下游叶栅流动性能的影响,以及不同相对叶高下叶顶和叶根的二次涡会合、脱离情况。研究发现,在较小的相对叶高下叶栅出口二次涡汇合,强度较大;而在较大的相对叶高下二次涡分离。同时,上游圆柱相对位置变化得到的最高效率对应着圆柱尾迹被输运到下游静叶的前缘附近,最低效率对应着圆柱尾迹被输运到下游静叶的流道中央。实验结果可为叶栅气动性能研究提供有益的参考。

The history of instrumentation technology development was illustrated and detailed parameters of experiment measurement instruments were compared. Hotwire and PIV were used to measure the entire velocity field along blade height and outlet plane. It was found that outlet secondary flow was obvious and severe at small blade height and tip and bottom secondary vortexes changed under different blade height. In addition, when the upstream rotor wake impinged upon the leading edge of the downstream stator, the corresponding stage efficiency was higher; when the upstream wake was transferred into the mid passage of the downstream stator, the corresponding stage efficiency was lower. Experiment result gives effective reference to pneumatic performance of turbine blade.