广州市社区中年人群体育锻炼行为阶段分布及与气质类型的关系

Relationship between stage of readiness to exercise and temperaments in middleaged people from Guang.zhou community

目的调查广州市社区中年人群锻炼行为阶段的分布特点及其与气质类型的关系。方法以当面访谈形式对广州市社区的35～59岁人群中的356人进行了人口学特征、锻炼行为变化阶段和“艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）”（成人版）调查。采用多元Logistic回归进行分析。结果356名调查对象中处于意向前期66人（18．5％）、意向期58人（16．3％）、准备期115人（32．3％）、行动期26人（7．3％）、坚持期91人（25．6％），而329人中气质分布为胆汁质型39人（11．8％），多血质型179人（54．4％），粘液质型85人（25．8％），抑郁质型26人（7．9％）。多元Logistic回归分析显示年龄组间（χ^2：26．1，P=0．00）和学历程度组问（χ^2=35．6，P=0．00）锻炼行为阶段分布差异显著；抑郁质型（相对于胆汁质型）处于意向期的相对危险度为30．2（95％CI：5．9～236．3）。结论广州市社区中年人群不锻炼（意向前期和意向期）和锻炼人群（行动期和坚持期）各占1／3；抑郁质型人群多处于意向期。

Objective To explore the relationship between stage of exercise and temperaments of the middle-aged people. Methods 356 persons aged 35 -59 who lived in Guangzhou were selected to be interviewed with questionnaire including stage of exercise behavior and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Results 18.5% indicated they were in precontemplation, 16.3% in contemplation, 32. 3% in preparation, 7.3% in action, 25.6% in maintenance. 11.8% indicated they belong to Choleric, 54.4% to Sanguine, 25.8% to Phlegmatic, 7.9% to Melancholic. There were statistically significant differences in stages of exercise between different age groups （ χ^2 = 26.1, P = 0. 00） and education groups （ χ^2 = 35.6, P = 0. 00 ） respectively. Melancholic group （ OR 30.2,95% CI：5.9 ～ 236.3 ） were more likely to be in contemplation. Conclusion Non-exercise people and exercise people account for one third respectively in the middle-aged people in Guangzhou, and melancholic people are more likely to be in contemplation.