“我把你这个NP”句式——文学作品中的俗语雅骂

A Semantic Analysis on "我把你这个 NP"-Construction: "Elegant" Abuses of Vulgarisms in Literary Works

作为近代汉语"把"字句中的一种特殊句式结构,"我把你这个NP"句式只用于人物对话中,尤其是文学作品的人物对话中,句中不出现谓语动词,是一种口语化程度很高的句式。该句式用主语"我"来对受话人"你"进行责骂,詈词有名词性成分充当,而这种詈骂有时带有嘲讽、戏谑、亲昵的语气,成为一种特殊的称谓语。本文选取一些文学作品作为范例,从句子结构、语义和名词性词组的构成及特点三个方面加以阐释,笔者认为"我把你这个NP"句式是一个语义自足的"把"字句式,整个句子不强调动作的位置,以表达詈骂有力为目标,语气迫促,内涵深广。

As a special type of Ba-Construction in modem Chinese,“我把你这个NP”-Construction is solely used in dialogues, especially in dialogues of figures in literary works. “我把你这个 NP”-Construction is a highly-colloquiallized construction in which the predicates will not appear. In this construction, the subject“我（I）”directly reproves the receiver“你 （You）”by using some particular nominal phrases as curses which become idiosyncratic vocative predicates with a sneering, jocular and pet tone. Bases on some classical Chinese literary works, this paper analyzes“我把你这个NP”-Construction from three perspectives： structures, semantics of this construction, and the formation and traits of the nominal phrases. The author holds that“我把你这个NP”-Construction is a semantically-autonomous Ba-Construction which does not stress the positions of acts in the sentence but expresses powerfully the reproving functions of the curses.