短道速滑运动员心理素质特征及培养途径

Training Means of the Requisite Psychological Quality of Short Track Speed Skaters

短道速度滑冰运动员的身体素质、技术、战术水平等各方面的差距逐渐在缩小,因而竞争日趋激烈,尤其在双方势均力敌或竞赛中相持不下的情况下,心理训练水平往往起着决定性作用。分析短道速滑运动项目的特点与规律,认为坚定的自信心,敏锐的判断与感知能力,快速、高度集中的注意力水平,积极、活跃的思维能力是短道速滑运动员应具备的心理素质。提出采用加强情感训练,培养自信心;与技、战术训练相结合培养判断与感知能力;加强抗干扰训练,提高注意力;强化回忆训练,提高思维能力与技术水平;战术训练与心理训练相结合等途径培养短道速度滑冰运动员形成良好的个性心理品质,以保障运动员在比赛中技术、战术得以正常甚至超常发挥。

It＇s being less of the short track speed skaters＇difference among their physical quality, technique, tactical level and other aspects, so that the competition is boiling day by day. Especially when the skaters are competing all square, the psychological training level is often playing a decisive role. After analyzing the speciality of short track speed skating, the article thinks that the skaters＇ requisite psychological quality should include steady self- confidence, penetrating judgement and percipience, quick and well - concentrated attention. willing and vivacious ideation. It suggests to reinforce the affectivity training, build up the self- confidence, advance the judgement and percipience in the technical and tactical training, strengthen the anti - jamming training, heighten the attention, increase the recollection training, improve the ideation and technique, combine the tactical training with psychological training. It＇s with these means to foster the skaters into well psychological quality which may enable them to play with well or high techniques and tactics in competition.