表面粘附菌膜及微生物清防蜡作用机理研究

Study on Adhered Biofilm and Mechanism of Paraffin Cleaning and Prevention

研究了嗜蜡菌在钢铁表面的生长,证明了菌膜的存在,用细菌瓶法测定菌膜中的菌量与矿化度、菌液浓度及作用时间的关系,同时观察到嗜蜡菌对含蜡原油清防蜡及乳化作用的效果。结果表明,嗜蜡菌在钢铁表面形成的菌膜有显著的防蜡作用,可改变金属表面的润湿性,阻止蜡沉积,嗜蜡菌产生的生物表面活性剂能明显分散原油。盐度低于15%时菌量较多,高于15%后菌量明显减少,且随着菌液浓度增加而增加,接种量到15%时趋于稳定。

The growth of paraffin thirsty bacteria from the steel surface was discussed, the existence of biofilm was proven, bacteria bottle was used to measure the quantity and the relations between salinity, bacterial concentration and the time , the effect of paraffin cleaning and preventing and emulsion with the bacteria were observed.Experimental results show that paraffin thirsty bacteria from the steel surface of the biofilm plays a remarkable role in paraffin prevention.Metal can change the surface wettability to prevent paraffin deposition.The bacteria and biological surfactants can significantly decentralized crude oil.When salinity is less than 15%, the bacteria quantity is enormous; when it is more than 15%, it drops obviously .And the bacteria quantity increases with the number of addition increasing.But inoculation amount is 15%, the quantity tends to stability.