论罗尔斯对自由与平等的调和——对罗尔斯的两个正义原则的解读

On Rawls'Struggle for the Reconciliation of the Freedom and Equality—the Understanding of Rawls'Two Principles of Justice

自由而平等的社会是人类所梦寐以求的理想社会,然而,由于在某些领域里面自由与平等有着深层次上的矛盾,近现代社会可以说是以发展了"自由"而牺牲了"平等"。因而如何调和自由与平等之间的紧张,在当代社会依然是个有待解决的问题。以寻求正义为其基本理论旨趣的罗尔斯必然要把这一问题纳入其理论视域,而这一关注是由其两个正义原则来给予的。罗尔斯对自由与平等的调和是比较成功的,以自由和平等的调和这一视角对罗尔斯的两个正义原则进行解读。

The free and equal society is the ideal society in the hope of the human being. However, in some fields there exists some underlying contradiction between freedom and equality. So we may say that freedom has been developed at the cost of sacrificing equality in modern society. It is still a problem in modern society to achieve the reconciliation of freedom and equality. Seeking justice in the modern society as the fundamental purpose of his theory, Rawl has to bring the problem into the theory and concern about it. and this concern is given by his two principles of justice. We think, in Rawls＇ theory, freedom and equality can be reconciled to some extent, and on the basis of this position, we set out the understanding of Rawls＇ two principles of justice.