沿海海—气界面的化学物质交换

AIR SEA CHEMICAL EXCHANGE IN COASTAL OCEANS

沿海海—气界面化学物质的交换对生物地球化学循环起着十分重要的作用。大气沉降过程（包括干沉降和湿沉降等过程）是化学物质进入沿海区域的重要途径之一。物质平衡估算的结果指出，在某些沿海区域，经由大气输入的若干痕量物质的总量几乎相当于河流的输入量，有的甚至更多。大气沉降作用是一些沿海区域氮化物的重要来源，并与富营养化有紧密关系。目前大气沉降通量的估算还存在着相当大的误差，有待于进一步的发展和完善。

Chemical exchange at the air coastal sea interface plays an important role in coastal biogeochemical cycles.Atmospheric deposition (dry plus wet)can be a significant process for chemical entering coastal waters.Mass balance estimates suggest that in some coastal regions,the atmospheric input of certain trace elements can be similar to or greater than that from rivers.Atmospheric deposition can be a significant non point source for nitrogen entering coastal systems,which could be an important mechanism responsible for coastal eutrophication.Currently estimates of atmospheric deposition rates have considerable uncertainty.Improvements in these estimates require the developments of methods for the direct measurements of both dry and wet fluxes.