东北地区芦苇营养器官比较解剖学研究

Comparative Anatomical Studies on Vegetative Organs of Phragmites australis in Northeast of China

对黑龙江、吉林和辽宁不同生境芦苇的不定根、根状茎、茎、叶鞘、叶片等营养器官进行了解剖学研究。结果表明:不同地理分布和生态环境对芦苇营养器官的解剖结构产生了一定影响。营养器官均有发达的通气组织。根状茎与茎中均具有纤维层和机械组织带,鸭绿江口滨海湿地降雨量较多,鸭绿江口滨海湿地芦苇的纤维层和机械组织带明显少于三江平原和松嫩平原芦苇,而后二者的差异不显著。随着降雨量的增加,根状茎和茎中维管束数目、导管直径和维管束直径大体均呈上升趋势。叶片厚度有显著差异,而叶肉细胞层数未见显著变化。

The anatomical structures of adventitious root, rhizome, stem, leaf sheath and lamina of Phragmites australis were studied from different environments of Northeast of China. The results were shown that the different ecological environments have the influence on the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs. All of the vegetative organs have advanced aerenchyma. Both the rhizome and the stem have fiber cell layers. The more the amount of rainfall in Wetland Around Yalujiang Estuary is, the less the number of fiber cell layers is. But there is no difference in fiber cell layers between the rhizome and the stem in Sanjiang plain and in Songnen plain. Along with the increase of rainfall, the number of vascular bundles, the diameter of vessel and vascular bundles of rhizome and stem are also increased. The thickness of lamina has significant difference from each other. However, the number of mesophyllous cell layers is not different.