天山冰雪圈地貌过程和自然灾害

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL PROCESS AND NATURAL HAZARDS IN THE CRYOSPHERE OF TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS

天山山地地貌过程受水热分布和地形的影响具有明显的水平和垂直分异性。因此，由地貌过程引起的自然灾害也具有区域分异和垂直分异性。天山冰雪圈指的是冰缘和冰川地貌景观带，其中的过程与自然灾害同样具有区域性和垂直性的分异。目前发生在天山冰雪圈的主要灾害为雪崩、泥石流、洪水和崩塌。本文主要讨论它们的形成条件、过程特征和成灾规律，并提出减灾的初步措施。

Influenced by hydrothermal distribution and landforms,the geomorphological process and therefore the natural hazards caused by the process appears remarkably horizontal and vertical variation in Tianshan Mountains.The cryosphere of Tianshan Mountains refers to periglasial and glacial environment,where the processes and natural hazards show also regional and vertical difference.The main hazards in the cryosphere of Tianshan Mountains include snow avalanche,debris flow,flood and collapse.This paper discusses mainly the forming conditions,process and disastrous influence of the hazards,meanwhile offers the principle approaches for mitigating disasters.