主动脉夹层患者的抢救与护理

目的总结主动脉夹层患者的抢救及护理要点。方法2003年10月～2007年10月对38例主动脉夹层患者实施急救治疗及护理。结果27例(71.1%)好转或治愈出院,4例(10.5%)实施手术治疗,7例(18.4%)死亡,平均住院时间15d,无出现护理并发症。结论主动脉夹层患者死亡率较高,易发生动脉瘤破裂而导致死亡;护理上应配合医生做好各项辅助检查,严密观察病情变化,纠正休克;出现胸部突发性剧烈疼痛,应密切注意疼痛的性质、血压的变化等,及早应用降压药,防止并发症发生,可有效降低并发症及死亡率,促进患者康复。

Objective To summarize the key points for nursing patients with dissection of aorta. Method 38 patients with dissection of aorta during October 2003 to October 2007 were emergency treated and cared for. Results 27 cases （71.1%） were improved or recovered, 4 （10.5%） were treated surgically and 7 （18.4%） died. They stayed for 15 days on average, without nursing-induced complications. Conclusion Dissection of aorta carries higher mortality because it is subject to rupture of aneurysm. In nursing, cooperativeness in all auxiliary examinations, close observation of disease, treatment of shock, close observation of severe thoracic pain and changes of blood pressure,timely use of hypotensive drugs and prevention of complications work together to reduce complications and promote rehabilitation.