青藏高原东缘地区常见植物种子大小变异研究

Variation in seed size of some common plant species on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

以青藏高原东部地区常见10科植物作为研究材料,从种子鲜、干重与海拔、生活型、植物丰富度等方面的相关性研究了其种子大小变异。结果表明:①禾本科和菊科植物是高寒草甸上的优势科,分别占到17.49%和22.76%。常见植物种子重量集中于0.1～10.0mg之间。②从种子大小与植物丰富度来讲,小种子的种类和数量多,大种子种类和数量则少。③不同的科之间、不同的生活型,其种子鲜重与干重之间均存在极显著的相关性。④在典型的高寒草甸上,是以多年生草本为主,占总数的61.61%。从草本、灌木到乔木,其种子重量逐渐增大。⑤从整体上说,种子大小与海拔存在极显著的线性负相关性,植物种子重量与生活型的相关性比种子大小与系统分类学的相关性高。

Some common plants among 10 families on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau were chosen in this investigation, and the variation of their fresh as well as dry seed size were studied. The result showed that： （1）The plants of gramineae and compositae are dominant species on the eastern Qinghai-Tihet plateau and consist of 17.49% and 22.76% total speices compsosition. In addition, the average seed size range from 0.1 to 10.0mg. （2）The abundance of plants with small-size seed is higher than those with big seed size. （3）Regardless the different taxonomic levels and different life forms, the fresh seed weight indicates significant correlation with the dry seed weight. （4）The perennial herb is the major life form in typical plateau and conisist of 61.61% total speices composition. As far as seed weight is concerned, the arbor is the heaviest, the shrub takes second place, the herb is the lightest. （5）There is significant linear correlation between the seed size and altitude, and the correlation of seed size and life forms is higher than the seed size and taxonomic levels.