滇池入湖河口生态浮床植物筛选研究

Study on the selecting the species of macrophytes for the ecological floating rafts in one of estuaries of Dianchi Lake

通过植物适应性试验、植物抗逆性试验、植物根系氧化力测定及水体水质指标检测等方法,研究了美人蕉(Canna generalis Bailey)、香根草(Vetivaria zizanioides.)、茭白(Zizania latifolia.)、香蒲(Typha angustata Boryet Chaub)等4种植物对污染水体主要污染物(有机污染物、总磷、总氮)的去除效果,以选择适用于滇池大清河入湖河段污染水体修复的生物浮床植物种。各项指标综合分析结果表明,四种备选植物在对污染胁迫的适应性以及对水体污染物的去除能力均存在较大差异,其中美人蕉对污水环境的适应性最强,对污染物的去除效果也较理想。经比较认为以美人蕉为主,辅以香蒲(T.angustata Boryet Chaub)及其他伴生种是构建大清河生物浮床较合理的群落结构。

In order to select the suitable species for ecological rafts, which floating in one of estuaries of Dianchi Lake, Daqing river, a study of screening was carried out with four macrophyte species （Canna generalis Bailey, Vetivaria zizanioides, Zizania latifolia., Typha angustata Bory et Chaub） with the adaptability test, resistance responses experiment, oxidation ability test of roots and water quality examination, by validating the variation of plant growth status and removal effect of the major pollutants （COD, TN, TP） under the wastewater pollution stress. The experiment shows that ahnost all index of the spare plants are different, the Canna （Canna generalis Bailey） has the best environmental adaptability in the four options, and the ability of removal of pollutants is the best. The results of this study indicated that a reasonable community structure is the dominant species of Canna （Canna generalis Bailey） with companion or other indigenous species, such as T. angustata Bory et Chaub.