3143例新生儿听力筛查的结果分析

Hearing screening in 3143 newborns

目的探讨新生儿听力筛查的流程及听力损伤发生率。方法对3143例新生儿作听力筛查测试。初筛时间在出生后1～5天,未通过者42天后复查,仍未通过者在出生后3个月时做诊断性检查评估听力水平。结果3143例新生儿听力筛查,初筛通过2594例,初筛通过率为82.53%,未通过549例,未通过率为17.47%。初筛假阳性率为17.10%。正常新生儿听力损伤6例,正常新生儿听力损伤发生率为2.00‰;高危儿听力损伤1例,高危儿听力损伤发生率为7.09‰。总计3143例新生儿听力损伤发生率为2.23‰。结论通过新生儿听力筛查可以早期发现新生儿的听力损伤,及早提出医学建议,早期进行干预治疗。尽量减少失访和假阳性的出现,使新生儿听力筛查工作更完善。

Objective To explore the hearing screening process and the incidence of hearing impairment in neonates. Methods We conducted screening for 3413 neonates born in our hospital. The initial screening was performed between postnatal 1-5 days. Neonates who failed initial screening were checked again on the postnatal day 42, those who still failed to pass the investigation underwent definitive hearing assessment by the third postnatal month. Results Out of 3143 newborns, 2594 passed the preliminary hearing screening, the pass rate was 82.53%. Five hundred and forty-nine neonates failed the initial screening, the fail rate was 17.47%. The false-positive rate in the initial screening is 17.1.%. The incidences of hearing impairment in the normal neonates and in the high risk infants were 1.9‰ and 7.09‰, respectively. The overall incidence of hearing impairment in 3143 neonates was 2.23‰. Conclusion Through hearing screening we can early identify hearing loss in neonates and appropriate medical consultation, intervention and therapy can be carry out as early as possible.