论现代政府与公民关系的嬗变及其匡正

The Pathological Change and Correction of Relation Between Modern Government and Citizens

委托代理理论认为,政府是公民基于信任基础上委托的"利益代言人",公民为其提供税收上的支持,目的就是让政府为其提供优质的公共产品,所以提供公共产品就成为政府的根本职责。当然,政府也有自己主要的目标追求,那就是持续获得公民的信任和代理权。但是由于实体意义上的政府都存在自利性,加上公共产品本身的特点以及公民"理性的无知",导致政府与公民关系的病变,即政府无法提供满意的公共产品导致公民对政府的信任危机和权力合法性危机,并拒绝为其提供税收的支持。而这进一步加剧了政府与民争利,形成政府与公民关系的恶性循环。要救治政府无效的关键还在于政府能够为公民提供有效的公共产品,重新获得公民的信任。

The principal-agent theory think that the government, as the consigned representative of public interests, is supported by the taxpayers and intended to provide perfect public goods for the public. So the governmental duty is to offer the public goods and the major goals of the government are to obtain the constant trust and agent. However, the interests of the specific governments, added to the feature of public goods and the reasonable ignorance, leads to the permutation of the relation be-tween the government and citizens, the disability to offer the public goods leads to the confidence crisis and legality crisis . as a result ,the people refuse to pay for taxes, which stimulates the government competing with the citizens for interests . The key to rectify the government inefficiency is to provide the effective public goods and regain the trust from the people.