烟粉虱种内及种间竞争取代机制

Mechanisms of inter- and intra-specific competitive replacement by the Bemisia tabaci B biotype (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

B型烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci)是烟粉虱复合种下危害最为严重的一个生物型,现已成为一种世界性的害虫,被称为"超级害虫"。近年来,在许多地区发现B型烟粉虱竞争取代非B型烟粉虱和其他害虫的现象。综合相关报道,B型烟粉虱竞争取代机制包括资源利用竞争和相互干扰竞争,可能涉及的因素包括:生态位竞争、寄主适应能力的差异、非对称交配互作、高温逆境适应能力差异、药剂敏感性差异及其与双生病毒的互作等,且B型烟粉虱可能含有的独特的内共生菌对增强其竞争能力也具有一定作用。此外,本文还就目前Q型烟粉虱在局部区域严重危害的相关机制进行了探讨。

The B biotype of Bemisia tabaci, sometimes called a ＂super bug＂, has been one of this species complex＇s most harmful biotypes because of the tremendous damage it inflicts worldwide. Recently, competitive displacement of pre-existent biotypes and other herbivores by the B. tabaci B biotype has been observed in many regions worldwide. Based on literature review, the mechanisms responsible for competitive replacement by B. tabaci may include exploitation or interference competition, which involve niche competition, differential abilities in resource acquisition, asymmetric mating interactions, heat shock adaptation, pesticide susceptibility, and interactions between B. tabaci B biotype, host plants, and viruses. Moreover, the B biotype likely has unique endosymbionts, which may be important in enhancing its competitive ability. We also discuss related mechanisms involved with serious damage caused by the B. tabaci Q biotype.