安徽省繁殖鸟类分布格局和热点区分析

Distribution pattern and hotspot analysis of breeding birds in Anhui Province

作者广泛收集了安徽省繁殖鸟类的分布资料,采用地理信息系统技术,通过生境适宜性分析,预测物种的分布范围,获得数字化的分布图。将安徽省划分为425个等面积栅格,以此作为基本地理单元,研究繁殖鸟类分布规律,并进行热点区分析。基于分布型物种数的地理单元聚类分析结果表明,安徽省鸟类地理分布区大致以大别山北缘-巢湖一线为界分为两大组,两组在区系成分上存在较大的区域分异;东洋型物种在整个安徽境内比例均占60%以上,同时呈现由北向南递增的格局。基于物种组成的相似性的地理单元聚类分析结果表明,安徽省繁殖鸟类地理分布单元也可以分成两组,与安徽省气候带的划分基本一致,进一步分析可以划分为7组,体现鸟类地理分布的区域分异与地形地貌等生态环境之间的密切联系。鸟类热点区分析表明,所有繁殖鸟类,以及列入《国家重点保护野生动物名录》和CITES附录I、II的繁殖鸟类物种丰富度高值区都集中在安徽省南部。由此可见,安徽省南部地区是鸟类多样性保护的重要区域。

We collected data on breeding birds in Arthui Province, and predicted and mapped their ranges using GIS techniques. We divided the study area into 425 grids which were used as operative geographic units to analyze breeding bird distributional patterns and hotspot. Faunistic composition analysis showed that geo- graphic units in Anhui Province could be divided into two groups along a boundary from northern Dabie Mountain to Chaohu Lake. Indomalayan species accounted for 60% of the total species in all geographic unit groups, with an increase in the group＇s prevalence from north to south. Ecological distribution analysis showed that bird distribution units could be divided into two groups which were consistent with division by climatic zones. When divided into seven groups, clusters were closely related to the environmental features such as terrain and landform. The hotspot analysis showed that richness of total breeding birds, breeding birds in the ＂List of Wildlife Under Special State Protection＂ of China, and breeding birds listed in CITES appendices Ⅰ and Ⅱwere all higher in southern Arthui Province. Therefore, we suggest that areas in southern Arthui Province should be targeted for special protection for bird diversity conservation.