基于主成分分析法的江苏省土地利用综合分区研究

Division of land use degree in Jiangsu Province based on principal component analysis

在回顾国内外关于土地利用分区研究的基础上,以县市为研究单元,从土地资源利用的结构、投入、产出、生态、动态和潜力等6个方面,遴选出25个指标,组成区域土地利用分区的综合指标评价体系,借助SPSS软件,利用主成分分析法,对江苏省各县市的土地利用程度进行综合评价。结果表明:江苏省县市土地利用程度呈现明显的城乡差异和南北区域不平衡,经济发达的县市,土地利用的综合水平相对较高,并由南向北逐渐递减,梯度差异地域特征显著;参考综合自然条件、土地利用特点和区划单元空间位置的连续性,将江苏省划分为3个一级土地利用区域,即江南地区、江淮地区和淮北地区;并进一步划分为环太湖地区、宁镇山地丘陵地区、江淮沿江地区、江淮沿海地区、里下河平原地区、淮北沿海地区和沿黄河故道地区等7个二级土地利用区域。

On the basis of reviewing related literatures at home and abroad about land use zoning, through the construction of the regional land use divisional comprehensive evaluation index system, by using SPSS software and principal component analysis which is one of the multivariate statistical methods, we made a comprehensive evaluation of land use extent taking counties and cities as units in Jiangsu Province. The comprehensive evaluation index system of the regional land use is built up by selecting 25 indexes from the following six fields of regional land use： structures, inputs, outputs, ecology, dynamics and potential. On the grounds of the comprehensive scores of land use, meanwhile with the combination of space expression of MAPinfo graphical software, the results indicate that the land use extent presents notable urban-rural difference and north-south regional unbal- ance. At the same time, the synthetic level of landuse is relatively high in economically developed regions and there is a gradually decreasing tendency from south to north in Jiangsu Province, the geographical features of gradient differences are significant. According to the analysis of land use comprehensive level in counties and cities of Jiangsu Province, and considering integrated natural conditions, characteristics of land use and continuity of regionalization units in space position, with the principle that the natural conditions should be consistent with the characteristics of the land use within regionalization units, therefore we can divide the land use extent into three first-order land use zones. Jiang Nan area, Yangtze-Huaihe area and Huaibei area. Based on the principles of physical geographic features and adjacent distance, it can be further divided into seven secondary land use zones, the sub-area around Taihu Lake, Ning-Zhen hilly sub-area, Jiang huai sub-area along the Yangtze River, Jianghuai coastal sub-area, Lixia River plain subarea, Huaibei coastal sub-area and old Yellow River course sub-area.