香蕉果实发育过程中糖代谢的研究

Study on the Sugar Metabolism in the Development Course of Banana Fruit

[目的]研究香蕉果实发育过程中糖代谢情况。[方法]于2001-2003年3月底香蕉断蕾后开始取样,研究香蕉果实发育过程中、采后糖、淀粉及转化酶的变化情况。[结果]断蕾后10-60 d香蕉淀粉含量几乎呈直线上升,之后明显减慢;葡萄糖、果糖在果实发育早期含量较低,之后含量不断上升;蔗糖含量、酸性转化酶（SAI）活性均表现出先升后降趋势,断蕾后30 d达最大;中性转化酶（NI）和细胞壁转化酶（CWI）的活性在断蕾后50-70 d都保持在较高水平。香蕉采后5-15 d淀粉含量迅速下降;蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖含量不断上升;CWI活性快速下降;SAI、NI活性变化不大。[结论]该研究为香蕉的栽培、果实贮藏和保鲜提供了参考。

[Objective] The purpose was to study the sugar metabolism status in the development course of banana fruit.[Method] In 2001～2003,the banana fruit was sampled in the end of Mar.after banana buds cutting off so as to study the change status of sugar,starch and invertase in the development course of banana fruit and after its harvest.[Result] In 10～60 d after banana buds cutting off,the starch content in banana nearly showed linear ascending and then its ascending slowed significantly.The contents of glucose and fructose were lower in the early stage of fruit development and then increased continuously.Both sucrose content and acid invertase（SAI） activity showed first increasing and then decreasing trend and reached the maximum on the 30th day after buds cutting off.The activities of neutral invertase（NI） and cell wall invertase（CWI） were kept at higher level in 50～70 d after buds cutting off.In the period of 5th～15th day after harvest,the starch content in banana decreased rapidly,the contents of sucrose ,glucose and fructose increased continuously,CWI activity decreased rapidly and the activities of SAI and NI changed little.[Conclusion] The study supplied references for the cultivation,fruit storage and fresh-keeping of banana.