合肥城市热岛变化特征研究

Study on the Character of Heat Island in Hefei City

利用合肥历史气候资料分析城市热岛的年、季、日变化特征。结果表明：近36年中2003年城市热岛（ΔTu-r）日平均值最大,达到1.08℃;ΔTu-r季平均值冬季最大,为0.55℃,夏季最小,仅为0.30℃;年际变化1970-1990年间ΔTu-r较小,1991-2005年ΔTu-r平均为0.54℃,热岛效应明显增强;年代变化以90年代为最大,70年代最小。近36年年平均ΔTu-r明显上升,市区气温平均每10年升高0.20℃,郊区气温平均每10年升高0.15℃;合肥年平均气温明显存在以12年为周期的变化。

In this paper the variation of mean temperature in Hefei city was analyzed.The results showed that the largest difference of mean daily in urban of heat island（ΔTu-r） appeared in 2003 during the last 36 years.ΔTu-r was utmost in winter season,0.55 ℃,while ΔTu-r was the least in summer,0.30 ℃.For the inter annual variability of temperature,ΔTu-r was little from 1970 to 1990,while ΔTu-r was great from 1991 to 2005,and the temperature in the city was 0.54 ℃ higher than that in the suburb so the heat island effect in urban was reinforced from 1991 to 2005.ΔTu-r was least in 1970＇s,whereas the difference was the maximum in 1990＇s.The mean annual ΔTu-r was increasing apparently during the last 36 years and it was increased by 0.20 ℃/10a in the city and 0.15 ℃/10a in its suburb,and the circle of mean annual temperature for 12 years was found in Hefei city.