水土保持工程综合效益评价研究--以陕西省长江流域水土流失综合治理工程为例

Benefits Evaluation of Soil and Water Conservation Project—A Case Study on "Changzhi" Project of Yangzi River in Shaanxi Province

水土保持工程综合效益评价,对水土保持宏观决策具有重要意义。采用静态分析的方法,分析陕西省"长治"工程治理产生的生态、社会效益.并对其水保工程成效进行经济评估与分析。分析结果表明,自"长治"工程实施以来,项目区完成治理水土流失面积5 348.09 km^2,治理程度达到76.77%,植被覆盖率提高21.57%;农耕地减少了33.78%,林地增加了33.31%,草场增加了38.78%,荒山荒坡等未利用地减少79.00%,土地利用结构日趋合理。一些特色产业在产业结构中的比重增加,农民的生活水平得到改善,项目产生了明显的生态、社会效益。对项目实施的经济评估分析表明,该项目治理效益费用比为1.61,敏感性分析时为1.15.均大于1,净效益为3 320.05万元,还本年限8.8 a(<10～12 a),经济效益系数0.11(>0.08～0.1),均符合《水利建设项目经济评价规范》标准。说明陕西省"长治"工程在经济上也是可行的。研究结果对于区域水土保持决策可提供重要依据。

The economic benefits evaluation of soil and water conservation project is of significance to the macro policies making in soil and water conservation. In this paper, based on the statistics data the comprehensive benefits of ＂Changzhi＂ project （Integrated management of soll and water loss in Yangtze River Watershed）, including ecological, social and economic, were evaluated. The results showed that 5 348.09 km^2 land with soil and water loss have been controlled by soil and water conservation measures,which account for 76. 77% of total area affected by soil and water loss, and the vegetation coverage increased by 21.57% ;the area of cultivated land decreased by 33.7% and the area of wasteland decreased by 79.00% ,while the woodland and the grassland increased by 33.31% and 38.78 % respectively,the structure of land utilization became more rational gradually. As a result,people living standard improved significantly, and obvious ecological and social benefits have been achieved. By calculating the effects of the soil and water conservation measurers in terms of money,it showed that the ratio of benefit to expense is 1.61,and is 1.15 with sensitive analysis,both of them are bigger than 1;the net benefit is 33. 200 5 million Yuan;the repaid years are 8.8 a （shorter than 10%12 a） ;the economic efficiency coefficient is 0.11 （bigger than 0.08-0.1） ,all these economic parameters＇ values are within ＂Water conservancy facility Project Economic Evaluation Standard＂. The results of this study will provide important implications for the soil and water conservation policy making.