中心静脉导管相关性感染的临床分析

Clinical analysis of central venous catheter-related infections

目的:探讨导管相关性感染(CVC-RI)的病原学及临床特点。方法:回顾分析2000年1月～2006年6月我院确诊的48例CVC-RI病例,分析其病原体分布,感染与静脉导管留置类型、时间的关系。结果:CVC-RI病例中,单腔导管18例,留置双腔导管30例。共分离菌株48株,其中革兰阳性菌24株,革兰阴性菌14株,真菌10株。金黄色葡萄球菌最多见(14株),其次是真菌(10株)。CVC-RI以置管后第七至十五天发生率最高。结论:预防的重点在于避免导管腔内及腔外的污染。重视穿刺点皮肤的消毒,选用单腔导管,操作者水平的提高以及抗生素的合理应用均能有效减少CVC-RI的发生。

Objective：To study the etiology and clinical characteristics of intravenous catheter-related infection.Methods：A retrospective analysis was performed on 48 patients with catheter-related infection in our hospital from January 2000 to June 2006.The common pathogens and relationship of infection with type of catheter and indwelling time were analyzed. Results：Among 48 cases of catheter-related infection,18 cases were inserted with single lumen catheter and 30 cases with double lumen catheter. 48 organisms were isolated including 24 strains of gram-positive cocci, 14 gram-negative bacilli and 10 fungi.The most frequent isolated strains were Staphylococus aureus （14 strains）,followed by Candida spp （10 strains）. The catheter-related infection occurred 7 to 15 days after the insertion of catheter. Conclusion：Catheter-related infection occurs more often in patients with indwelling double lumen catheter than that with single lumen catheter.The most common pathogens causing catheter-related infection are S.aureus and fungi.