先秦道家思想对中医学基础理论形成的影响

The Influences of Thoughts of Taoist School in the Pre-Qin Days on the Formation of Basic Theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine

道家是中国古代以老庄为代表的哲学流派和宗教形式,它同儒家一样,对中国社会文化产生了深远影响。中国古代最发达的自然科学之一——中医学在很大程度上受到了道家思想的影响。与轰轰烈烈的对医、易相关性研究截然不同的是,有关医、道的相关性研究却一直比较片面和简单,这当然与道家思想的深邃与博大不无关系。本文从先秦道家思想对中医学基础理论形成的影响这一角度进行讨论,可以追溯中医的起源,探究中医学的文化特征和人文精神,更深入地研究医道关系。

Taoist school is a religious form and a philosophical school in ancient China represented by Laozi and Zhuangzi. It, like the Confucian school, exerts a far-reaching influence on Chinese society and culture. Traditional Chinese medicine-one of the most advanced natural sciences in ancient China-is greatly influenced by thoughts of Taoist school. But in contrast with the extensive study on the correlation between medicine and Yi school, the study on the correlation between medicine and Taoist school has always been comparatively partial and simple, which to a certain degree is attributed to the great and profound thoughts of Taoist school. This paper intends to explore the influences that thoughts of Taoist school in the pre-Qin days have on the formation of basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine. This study will help to trace the origin of traditional Chinese medicine, to probe into the cultural features and humane spirit of traditional Chinese medicine and to research into the correlation between medicine and Taoist school more deeply.