公共财政与科技进步

Public Finance and progress of Science and Technology

科技是现代经济增长和社会进步的最主要的推动力,而财政又是推动科技发展的重要的动力。它能够增加科技公共产品的供给,实现外部效应内部化和降低风险。改革开放以来,我国科技研究取得了举世瞩目的成绩,其中财政支持的作用不容忽视。然而,目前我国存在财政科技支出的范围不甚合理、支出的管理体制比较落后、支持的方式不科学等问题,这都制约着财政推动作用的发挥。因此,我们有必要调整财政对科技的支出范围,改革财政科技支出的管理体制,改进财政对科技的支出方式,以完善我国财政对科技发展的支持。

Science and technology are the most important driving force behind economic growth and social progress in the modem times, and public finance is an important driving force behind the development of science and technology. It can increase the supply of public goods of science and technology, internalize the external effect and reduce risks. Since the implementation of the policy of reform and opening up to the outside world, China has made remarkable progress in science and technology, which, it must be admitted, is due partly to the support of public finance. However, our current practice of public financing for science and technology has some problems, e.g. the scope of payment being unreasonable, the managerial system of payment being backward, and the method of payment being unscientific. This paper suggests that it is necessary to adjust the scope of payment, reform the managerial system of payment and improve the method of payment in order to perfect the support of public finance for China＇s scientific and technological development.