蒙古马血液蛋白(酶)遗传多态性及聚类分析

Genetic Polymorphism and Cluster Analysis on Blood Protein(Enzyme) of Mongolian Horses

采用垂直平板不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对221匹蒙古马(包括乌珠穆沁马、乌审马、锡尼河马和巴尔虎马)的8种血液蛋白进行多态性检测。计算了各位点的基因型频率、等位基因频率、遗传杂合度,并通过聚类分析探讨了群体间的亲缘关系和遗传距离。结果表明:除α1-B糖蛋白(A1B)位点呈现为单态外,其余7个蛋白(酶)位点均在不同程度上表现出多态。8个蛋白(酶)位点的平均杂合度分别为:乌珠穆沁马0.329 6,乌审马0.305 6,锡尼河马0.378 3和巴尔虎马0.366 6。对Nei氏标准遗传距离进行聚类分析,发现巴尔虎马和锡尼河马之间的遗传距离最近,它们与乌珠穆沁马和乌审马的遗传距离相对较远。

Eight types of blood proteins in serum samples from 221 Mongolian horses （including Wuzhumuqin horse, Wushen horse, Xinihe horse and Baerhu horse） were detected on polymorphism by vertical plate discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （PAGE）. Genotype frequencies, allele frequency and genetic heterozygosity of these sites were calculated and the relationship and the genetic distance between the groups were discussed through cluster analysis. The results indicated that in addition α1-B-Glycoprotein（A1B）was of monomorphism, the remaining 7 blood protein （enzyme） sites were of polymorphism in varying ways. The statistical results showed that the average heterozygosity （H） of these eight protein （enzyme） sites in Wuzhumuqin horse, Wushen horse, Xinihe horse and Baerhu horse were 0. 329 6, 0. 305 6, 0. 378 3, 0. 366 6, respectively. The cluster analysis suggested that the genetic distance between Baerhu horse and Xinihe horse was closer, however, the genetic distance between these two types of horses and the other two breeds were relatively farther.