鸭空肠液中淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶活性变异的研究

Study on the Variation of Amylase,Trypsin and Chymotrypsin Activities in Jejunal Fluid of Peking Duck

本试验旨在通过研究鸭空肠套管中食糜流量及空肠液中消化酶活性的变异,探讨获取相对可比的空肠液样品的适宜采样方案,为鸭小肠中消化酶酶谱的研究提供依据。采用3×6(日期×时间)完全随机设计,每4 h采集1次空肠食糜,每采集1 h后间隔3 h,隔日重复采样过程,共采集3 d。试验1,随机选择15只荷术鸭,分成5个重复,每个重复3只鸭,测定空肠套管中食糜的流量。试验2,从鸭群中随机选择24只荷术鸭,分成6个重复,每个重复4只鸭,测定空肠液中淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶的活性。结果表明:空肠套管内的食糜流量呈现出日间及日内变异,日内食糜流量呈现出先升后降的总体规律。日内采样时间对空肠液中淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶活性有极显著的影响(P<0.01)。不同日间,淀粉酶、糜蛋白酶的日平均活性有显著差异(P<0.05),而胰蛋白酶日间平均活性没有显著差异(P=0.28)。3种消化酶活性均呈现出同一日内随采样时间而逐渐降低的总体现象。鉴于上述现象,通过套管获取反映鸭空肠中消化酶活性生理水平的采样方案为:白天采集3次样品,每次采集1 h间隔3h,隔日重复采样,共采集3 d。

The variation of jejunal digesta flux in cannula and digestive enzymes activities in jejunal fluid of Peking duck were investigated to study the scheme of representive jejunal fluid sample. The 3 × 6 factorial treatment was performed in two experiments and jejunal digesta samples were collected for 1 h out of every 4 h on d 16, 18 and 20 of the experiment. In experiment 1, fifteen male Peking ducks of 18 wk of age fitted a T type jejunal cannula were randomly allotted into 5 replication with 3 birds per replication. The volume per h of jejunal digesta in cannula was determined. In experiment 2, twenty-four cannulated ducks were randomly selected and divided into 6 replication with 4 birds per replication. The amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in jejunal fluid were determined. The results showed that there was obvious variation of digesta flux in cannula with collection time and collection day. Collection time significantly affected the average activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in 24 h cycle （P〈0.01）. Significant differences were also found in the average activities of amylase and chymotrypsin among days （P〈0.05）. Three digestive enzymes activities were declining with collection time in a 24 h cycle. According to the results, it is possible to develop a representative sampling scheme that sampling for 1 h out of every 4 h in the daylight at 1 day interval for 5 days for studying in endogenous digestive enzymes.