基于相似理论的重力坝扬压力等效模拟方法研究

Study on the Equivalent Method for Simulating the Uplift Pressure of Gravity Dam Based on the Similarity Theory

扬压力是影响重力坝坝基稳定的一个重要因素,为了研究在重力坝抗滑稳定模型试验中扬压力的试验模拟方法,应用了力学分析、理论推导和数值模拟3种方法。依据重力坝的受力特征,提出了用等效荷载模拟扬压力的试验方法及等效荷载的计算公式,并应用模型相似理论,推论了等效模型与实际模型之间存在的相似关系。在此基础上,通过对均质坝基上的重力坝进行数值计算,对比分析了等效模型与实际模型的结构特性,验证了扬压力等效模拟方法的等效性和合理性。研究结果表明,等效荷载模拟方法能较好地模拟扬压力的作用,可用于重力坝抗滑稳定模型试验中。

Uplift pressure is an important influence factor to the stability of gravity dam foundation. The method for simulating the uplift pressure in the model test on anti-sliding stability of gravity dam is studied by mechanical analysis, theoretical derivation and numerical simulation. According to the loading property of gravity dam, a new test method for equivalent simulating uplift pressure by equivalent load and the calculation formulas of equivalent load are presented in this paper. In the research, similarity theory is used to deduce the similarity relations between the equivalent model and the actual model. Furthermore, a gravity dam on the homogeneous foundation is analyzed numerically. Through comparison between the structural characters of equivalent model and actual model, the equivalence and rationality of the equivalent simulation method are further verified. It is concluded that the equivalent simulating method for uplift pressure can be used in the model test on anti-sliding stability of gravity dam.