技术创新模式选择问题研究

A research on selection of technological innovation mode

按照技术创新所需资源和能力的不同来源,可以将技术创新分为独立创新、合作创新、引进再创新三种模式,它们各有优点和缺陷。技术创新模式选择受到三个方面因素的影响:一是企业竞争战略和技术创新战略及其相互关系,二是待开发技术的特点,三是企业的技术开发资源和能力。现代企业大量选择合作技术创新模式的原因在于:首先,这是现代企业加强技术创新的必然要求;其次,世界范围内高素质的研究开发人才、技术成果及具有较强技术创新能力的企业、高校和科研院所都越来越多,通过合作从外部获取技术便成为可能;第三,相比独立创新和引进再创新,合作创新模式的综合优势更加明显。目前,我国企业的总体技术创新能力和水平还比较低,通过产学研合作增强其技术创新能力更是其必然选择。

According to different sources of necessary resources and competence,technological innovation mode can be classified as three types:independent innovation,cooperation innovation,introduction and secondary innovation,each of which has its own advantages and shortcomings.The selection of technological innovation mode is influenced by factors of three aspects:1) enterprises competitive strategy and technology innovation strategy and their relationship;2) the characteristics of the technology to be developed;3) enterprises' resources and competence of technological development.Most modern enterprises select cooperation technological innovation mode because:firstly,it has become the necessary demand for modern enterprises to strengthen technological innovation;secondly,with more and more high-qualified research staff,more and more technological achievements,more and more enterprises,universities and institutes with strong technological innovation capability,access to technology from outside through cooperation has become possible;thirdly,compared with independent innovation and introduction and secondary innovation,the advantages of cooperative innovation mode are evident.At present,the overall capability and level of technological innovation of China's enterprises are relatively low,thus it is the necessary selection for them to improve their ability of technological innovation through the industry-university-institute cooperation.