对业主的建筑物区分所有权之共有部分的具体考察

A Concrete Investigation on the Jointly Owned Parts of Building Ownership

在业主的建筑物区分所有权中,确定外墙、屋顶平台、停车位、停车库、地下室等,是属于共有部分还是专有部分,抑或单独所有权的客体,需要综合考虑以下因素:(1)它是否被单独登记为一个独立之物。如果尚未被单独登记为一个独立之物,则应为共有部分;反之,可以成为专有部分或单独所有权的客体。(2)建筑物区分所有权的本质属性。我们确定外墙等部分的性质和所属,不得违背建筑物区分所有权的本质属性。(3)法律、行政法规的强制性规定。如果法律、行政法规的强制性规定就此作了专门规定,该规定应为我们确定其性质和所属的依据。当然,此类强制性规定不应违反前述原理。(4)有关当事人的约定。如果有关当事人在不违反前述(1)(2)的前提下,就此作了约定,应依其约定。

Among the building ownerships, when we decide whether the external walls, roof terraces, parking spaces, garages, basements belong to jointly owned parts or exclusive parts, the following factors must be considered comprehensively： （ 1 ） whether it is registered as an independent thing. If it has not been registered as a separate thing, it should be jointly owned part; otherwise, it can be an exclusive part or an object of separate ownership. （ 2 ） Nature of building ownership. The determination of nature and origin of such parts as external walls can not run counter to the natural character of building ownership. （3） Mandatory legal and administrative regulations. If laws and administrative rules have stipulated them compulsorily, their nature and attribution should be determined according to the given provisions. Of course, such mandatory requirements should not violate the aforementioned principles. （4） The agreement of the parties. If the partier＇s agreement do not violate the aforementioned （ 1 ） （2） premise, their agreement should be followed.