器官移植患者的社会心理因素特征

Social psychic factors of organ transplant recipients

器官移植患者围手术期经常出现焦虑、抑郁等心理反应,在各个阶段出现心理反应的原因不同。多数器官移植受者出院后存在不同程度的社会功能缺陷,尤其表现为工作能力下降,仅能从事较轻工作或不能工作。患者均表现为生活自理能力很好,但同时比较突出的问题是责任心、计划性降低,对外界的兴趣和关心降低,家庭外的社会活动减少,不愿与他人交往。分析器官移植患者术前及术后的心理特征,并进行心理干预,能改善异常心理及提高患者的生活质量。对器官移植患者的治疗不仅要重视生物因素的影响,也应重视社会心理因素的影响。

Anxiety, depression and other psychological undergoing organ transplantation, and the psychological reactions are frequently found in perioperative patients reactions differ at various stages. Many organ transplant recipients develop social disability at discharge, representing by significant decrease in work capacity. Although their self-care ability is improved, their responsibility and planning are reduced, and they do not concern social environment, not like to participate social activities or contact with other people. Therefore, to analyze the preoperative and postoperative psychological features of organ transplant patients, and to carry out psychological intervention can improve their abnormal psychology and quality of life. Both biological factors and social psychic factors play roles in the treatment of organ transplant recipients.