一个反映重油平均分子结构的特征因数

A FACTOR CHARACTERIZING AVERAGE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF HEAVY OILS

构造了一个简单的粘重函数KL。考察了不同油品和纯烃的KL值，认为几值对于油品平均分子结构的反映是准确的，随重油的平均相对分子质量增大而降低。对于相对分子质量近似的烃，烷烃KL值＞环烷烃KL值＞芳烃KL值；重油的平均相对分子质量和环化程度越高，KL值越小；普通原油KL值＞重质原油KL值；对于同一种原油，常压馆分KL值＞减压憎分KL值＞原油KL＞常压渣油KL值＞减压渣油KL值；随拔出深度增大，渣油见值减小。

A simple viscosity-gravity function, KL, is introduced. it is found from the calculated KL values for various oils and pure hydrocarbons that KL reflects average molecular structure of oils and it decreases with the increase of average molecular weight of heavy oil. For hydrocarbons with,similar relative molecular weight, the KL values of paraffin, naphthene and aromatics decrease in order. The higher the average molecular weight of heavy oil or their ring formation, the lower the KL value. The KL values of ordinary crude oils are greater than those of heavy crude oils. For the same crude oil, the KL values descend in the order of atmospheric distillates, vacuum distillates, crude oil, reduced crude and vacuum residue.