刍议中国苹果产业现代化

Humble opinion about modern apple industry in China

通过对国内外苹果生产与市场的比较,认为中国苹果产业现代化有一个较长的发展过程,不同地区实现现代化速度也会有所不同。工业对农业的装备与支持力度、果农文化素质的提高与合作组织的建立与完善是主要的影响因子,较高的果农文化素质是实现苹果产业现代化的基础。中国生产的苹果市场不论现在还是将来都主要在国内,但苹果外销却是现代化的拉动力。当前,种植业发展中值得重视的几个问题是:(1)努力提高单产,而不是依靠扩大面积增产。(2)增加总产量中的鲜果销售比例,并促进加工产品多样化。(3)重视发展有机苹果生产。(4)尽量保持苹果单价大体稳定。

Through comparison and studies of apple production and marketing in the world and China, the results showed that modernization of apple industry in China would have to be a longer process, the rate of modernization in distinctive areas in China would be different as well. Increasing equipped and support strength with industry, heightening the cultural quality of apple growers and enhancing the institution and consummation of cooperative organization would be the key influential factors during the developing of modern apple industry in China. The higher cultural quality of apple growers should be the foundation of accomplished the modernization. The sold apples produced in China would be mainly in domestic markets at present or in the future, and for export being motive force of the modem apple industry. Some suggestions about farming would be made as fallows： （1） raising the apple yield per unit and not increasing the total yield depending on the area expansion under cultivation; （2） increasing the selling rate of fresh fruit among total products and diversity of processing products; （3） developing organic apple production; （4） stabilizing roughly apple prices.